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Divergent evolutionary processes associated with colonization of offshore islands

Identifieur interne : 000065 ( France/Analysis ); précédent : 000064; suivant : 000066

Divergent evolutionary processes associated with colonization of offshore islands

Auteurs : Natália Martínková [Royaume-Uni, République tchèque] ; Ross Barnett [Royaume-Uni] ; Thomas Cucchi [Royaume-Uni, France] ; Rahel Struchen [Suisse] ; Marine Pascal [France] ; Michel Pascal [France] ; Martin C. Fischer [Suisse] ; Thomas Higham [Royaume-Uni] ; Selina Brace [Royaume-Uni] ; Simon Y. W. Ho [Australie] ; Jean-Pierre Quéré [France] ; Paul O'Higgins [Royaume-Uni] ; Laurent Excoffier [Suisse] ; Gerald Heckel [Suisse] ; A. Rus Hoelzel [Royaume-Uni] ; Keith M. Dobney [Royaume-Uni] ; Jeremy B. Searle [Royaume-Uni, États-Unis]

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:48CC05C77BA9B2A631CBFCFFA3B9D019915362C5

Abstract

Oceanic islands have been a test ground for evolutionary theory, but here, we focus on the possibilities for evolutionary study created by offshore islands. These can be colonized through various means and by a wide range of species, including those with low dispersal capabilities. We use morphology, modern and ancient sequences of cytochrome b (cytb) and microsatellite genotypes to examine colonization history and evolutionary change associated with occupation of the Orkney archipelago by the common vole (Microtus arvalis), a species found in continental Europe but not in Britain. Among possible colonization scenarios, our results are most consistent with human introduction at least 5100 bp (confirmed by radiocarbon dating). We used approximate Bayesian computation of population history to infer the coast of Belgium as the possible source and estimated the evolutionary timescale using a Bayesian coalescent approach. We showed substantial morphological divergence of the island populations, including a size increase presumably driven by selection and reduced microsatellite variation likely reflecting founder events and genetic drift. More surprisingly, our results suggest that a recent and widespread cytb replacement event in the continental source area purged cytb variation there, whereas the ancestral diversity is largely retained in the colonized islands as a genetic ‘ark’. The replacement event in the continental M. arvalis was probably triggered by anthropogenic causes (land‐use change). Our studies illustrate that small offshore islands can act as field laboratories for studying various evolutionary processes over relatively short timescales, informing about the mainland source area as well as the island.

Url:
DOI: 10.1111/mec.12462


Affiliations:


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ISTEX:48CC05C77BA9B2A631CBFCFFA3B9D019915362C5

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<div type="abstract">Oceanic islands have been a test ground for evolutionary theory, but here, we focus on the possibilities for evolutionary study created by offshore islands. These can be colonized through various means and by a wide range of species, including those with low dispersal capabilities. We use morphology, modern and ancient sequences of cytochrome b (cytb) and microsatellite genotypes to examine colonization history and evolutionary change associated with occupation of the Orkney archipelago by the common vole (Microtus arvalis), a species found in continental Europe but not in Britain. Among possible colonization scenarios, our results are most consistent with human introduction at least 5100 bp (confirmed by radiocarbon dating). We used approximate Bayesian computation of population history to infer the coast of Belgium as the possible source and estimated the evolutionary timescale using a Bayesian coalescent approach. We showed substantial morphological divergence of the island populations, including a size increase presumably driven by selection and reduced microsatellite variation likely reflecting founder events and genetic drift. More surprisingly, our results suggest that a recent and widespread cytb replacement event in the continental source area purged cytb variation there, whereas the ancestral diversity is largely retained in the colonized islands as a genetic ‘ark’. The replacement event in the continental M. arvalis was probably triggered by anthropogenic causes (land‐use change). Our studies illustrate that small offshore islands can act as field laboratories for studying various evolutionary processes over relatively short timescales, informing about the mainland source area as well as the island.</div>
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<name sortKey="Rus Hoelzel, A" sort="Rus Hoelzel, A" uniqKey="Rus Hoelzel A" first="A." last="Rus Hoelzel">A. Rus Hoelzel</name>
<name sortKey="Searle, Jeremy B" sort="Searle, Jeremy B" uniqKey="Searle J" first="Jeremy B." last="Searle">Jeremy B. Searle</name>
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<country name="République tchèque">
<region name="Moravie">
<name sortKey="Martinkova, Natalia" sort="Martinkova, Natalia" uniqKey="Martinkova N" first="Natália" last="Martínková">Natália Martínková</name>
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<name sortKey="Cucchi, Thomas" sort="Cucchi, Thomas" uniqKey="Cucchi T" first="Thomas" last="Cucchi">Thomas Cucchi</name>
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<name sortKey="Pascal, Marine" sort="Pascal, Marine" uniqKey="Pascal M" first="Marine" last="Pascal">Marine Pascal</name>
<name sortKey="Pascal, Michel" sort="Pascal, Michel" uniqKey="Pascal M" first="Michel" last="Pascal">Michel Pascal</name>
<name sortKey="Quere, Jean Ierre" sort="Quere, Jean Ierre" uniqKey="Quere J" first="Jean-Pierre" last="Quéré">Jean-Pierre Quéré</name>
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<country name="Suisse">
<region name="Canton de Berne">
<name sortKey="Struchen, Rahel" sort="Struchen, Rahel" uniqKey="Struchen R" first="Rahel" last="Struchen">Rahel Struchen</name>
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<name sortKey="Excoffier, Laurent" sort="Excoffier, Laurent" uniqKey="Excoffier L" first="Laurent" last="Excoffier">Laurent Excoffier</name>
<name sortKey="Fischer, Martin C" sort="Fischer, Martin C" uniqKey="Fischer M" first="Martin C." last="Fischer">Martin C. Fischer</name>
<name sortKey="Fischer, Martin C" sort="Fischer, Martin C" uniqKey="Fischer M" first="Martin C." last="Fischer">Martin C. Fischer</name>
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<name sortKey="Searle, Jeremy B" sort="Searle, Jeremy B" uniqKey="Searle J" first="Jeremy B." last="Searle">Jeremy B. Searle</name>
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</record>

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